Abstract

Gender inequality remains a persistent challenge in Indian society, shaping individuals’ opportunities, aspirations, and well-being. This abstract explores pathways to gender equality by identifying key strategies, policies, and grassroots initiatives aimed at addressing gender-based discrimination and promoting women’s empowerment. It highlights the impact of modernization, urbanization, and globalization on gender dynamics, both positive and negative, and underscores the need for comprehensive approaches to address the root causes of gender inequality. Key strategies include promoting women’s education, economic empowerment, and access to healthcare, as well as strengthening legal frameworks and institutional mechanisms for women’s rights and empowerment. Grassroots movements and advocacy efforts play a crucial role in challenging traditional norms, raising awareness about gender-based violence, and mobilizing communities for gender justice. Legislative reforms, such as the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013, and policies such as the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme, provide a framework for addressing gender-based discrimination and violence, while institutional mechanisms such as National and State Commissions for Women monitor implementation and advocate for gender equality. Despite progress, persistent challenges include the persistence of gender-based violence, discrimination, and disparities in access to resources and opportunities. Addressing these challenges requires collaboration and coordination among policymakers, civil society organizations, businesses, educational institutions, media, and communities. In conclusion, fostering gender equality in Indian society requires a multifaceted approach that addresses the intersecting factors contributing to gender inequality. By implementing strategies that empower women economically and socially, challenge discriminatory norms and practices, and promote gender-sensitive policies and programs, progress towards a more gender-equitable and inclusive society can be achieved.