DIP: 18.02.S10/20251004 
DOI: 10.25215/2455/1004S10 
Abstract
Biomass is any organic matter from plants and animals that can be used as an energy source. This includes materials like wood, crops, agricultural waste, and animal waste, which can be burned directly for heat or converted into liquid and gaseous fuels like bioethanol and biogas. India produces an estimated 500 million metric tonnes of biomass annually. This can be used to generate 50,000 MW of clean power called ‘bioenergy’. This paper makes a thorough study of India’s National Bioenergy Policy (NBP), being implemented by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) for 2021–2026. The Policy aims to reduce fossil fuel dependence, curb pollution, efficient waste management, create rural job opportunities and support India’s transition toward ‘net zero’ emissions by 2070. In this respect, the NBP has three key programmes: the Waste-to-Energy Programme, the Biomass Programme and the Biogas Programme. The technologies are already matured and available in the market like that of mechanical processing, combustion, anaerobic digestion and fermentation. But in order to realise this goal, several challenges need to be overcome. These include sustainable supply and logistics, energy efficiency factor based on technology, environmental impact, economic factors and social inhibitions.
The author(s) appreciates all those who participated in the study and helped to facilitate the research process. 
The author(s) declared no conflict of interest. 
ISSN 2455-670X