DIP: 18.02.003/20261103 
DOI: 10.25215/2455/1103003 
Abstract
Blockchain technology has emerged as one of the most transformative digital innovations of the twenty-first century, significantly influencing governance, finance, cybersecurity, healthcare, supply chain management, and digital infrastructure. In India, blockchain is increasingly being recognized not merely as the technological foundation of cryptocurrencies but as a broader decentralized framework capable of enhancing transparency, efficiency, accountability, and data security across multiple sectors. Despite its growing adoption, the legal and regulatory framework governing blockchain technology in India remains fragmented and continuously evolving. Existing laws such as the Information Technology Act, 2000, the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002, taxation laws relating to Virtual Digital Assets, and the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 collectively shape the legal environment surrounding blockchain applications. This study examines blockchain technology within the Indian legal context by analyzing its regulatory framework, financial implications, taxation policies, anti-money laundering obligations, data protection requirements, and legal risks associated with decentralized systems. The article also explores the role of Indian regulatory institutions such as the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), and Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND) in shaping blockchain governance. Additionally, the study highlights practical applications of blockchain technology in sectors such as land records, healthcare, banking, supply chain management, and intellectual property protection. The research concludes that India is moving toward a balanced and innovation-oriented regulatory framework that seeks to encourage technological development while ensuring financial stability, consumer protection, cybersecurity, and regulatory compliance. The future of blockchain law in India will likely evolve through judicial interpretation, policy reforms, sector-specific regulations, and international regulatory cooperation.
Keywords
- Blockchain Technology
- Indian Legal Framework
- Cryptocurrency Regulation
- Digital Assets
- Smart Contracts
- Distributed Ledger Technology
- Financial Regulation
- Data Protection
- Cybersecurity
- Anti-Money Laundering (AML)
- Virtual Digital Assets (VDA)
- RBI
- SEBI
- FIU-IND
- Digital Governance
- Taxation
- Compliance
- Decentralized Finance (DeFi)
The author(s) appreciates all those who participated in the study and helped to facilitate the research process. 
The author(s) declared no conflict of interest. 
ISSN 2455-670X