Abstract

Dalit literature is one of the most powerful literary movements in modern Indian writing. It emerged from the painful experiences of caste-based discrimination, social exclusion and historical oppression. The present research article, “A Study of Caste, Identity and Resistance as Reflected in Dalit Literature,” examines how Dalit writing represents the lived realities of the marginalised sections of Indian society. Dalit literature differs from conventional literature because it is rooted in personal experience, social truth, and collective struggle. It gives voice to those who were silenced by the caste system for generations. The study focuses on three major themes: caste, identity and resistance. The theme of caste reveals the injustice, humiliation and inequality faced by Dalits in everyday life. The theme of identity shows the struggle of Dalit writers to assert self-respect, dignity and human worth. The theme of resistance reflects their protest against oppressive traditions and their demand for equality and social justice. This article follows a descriptive and theoretical approach and is based on secondary sources, including critical writings, autobiographies, and translated Dalit texts. It argues that Dalit literature is not merely a form of creative expression but also a social document and a movement for transformation. Through direct language, realistic narration, and powerful emotions, Dalit writers challenge social hierarchy and raise readers’ awareness. Thus, Dalit literature becomes an important voice of protest, identity, dignity and human liberation.