Abstract

The Rabhas of Assam, an indigenous community with a distinct cultural identity, possess a vast repository of traditional knowledge and folk traditions that have been transmitted orally through generations. Their indigenous knowledge encompasses diverse aspects such as agriculture, ethno-medicine, food processing, weaving, folklore, and rituals, which reflect a harmonious relationship with nature and community life. These traditions not only serve as practical guides for daily living but also embody the Rabhas’ worldview, values and spiritual beliefs. However, the forces of modernization, migration, and cultural assimilation have led to gradual erosion of these age-old practices. Their traditional healing system is based on close observation of nature, the use of locally available herbs, and the spiritual beliefs that health and illness are interconnected with the balance between humans, nature, and the supernatural. This paper explores the various traditional medicine and healing practices among the Rabhas, focusing on herbal remedies, spiritual healing and the role of traditional healers such as Ojha and Bej. Its highlight how different plant species are used for curing common ailments like fever, cough, stomach disorders, and snakebites, as well as for maintain overall well-being. This study also examines the rituals, taboos, and transmission of healing knowledge through the oral traditions within the community. Despite their effectiveness and cultural significance, these indigenous healing practices are declining due to modernization, lack of documentation, and the growing influence of modern medicine. The preservation of indigenous knowledge and folk traditions among the Rabhas if therefore essential to maintain their cultural heritage and to promote sustainable development rooted in local wisdom.